A Comparison of Ginsberg and Kerouac Essay -- comparison compare contr

A Comparison of Ginsberg and Kerouac The 1950s saw a period of great material prosperity in the United States. later on World War II G.I.s came back to take charge of the family again. Women no longer had to work and could return to the home to nurse their newborn babies. Housing, automobiles, and white observation post fences were in high demand. Televisions became commonplace, making possible the rapid distri thoion of visual information- not to mention the sitcom. McCarthy had started to purge the U.S. of those pesky Communists, ensuring a democratic future for all. art object the blacks, of course, could not realize it, virtually everyone else saw the fulfillment of the American Dream. In their writings of the mid-1950s, Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac describe an America recently converted to the religion of the T.V. Ginsberg witnesses and records macroscopical blue Buicks in driveways of identical box houses. With Walt Whitman he watches whole families peruse t he peaches in late-night supermarkets. Conversely, Kerouac describes a spiritual journey that takes him back and forth across the U.S. two Ginsberg and Kerouac use Buddhist ideals and methodology to criticize the current state of American society. They seek after a more honest and equal American Dream. Ginsberg and Kerouac argon an interesting comparison because of their unique symbiotic relationship. Not only was each a literary influence on the other, but they actually appear in each others works. In Ginsbergs Sunflower Sutra, he and Kerouac sit between a railroad and a river to watch the sun set over San Francisco. Kerouac points out a sunflower, and Ginsberg begins one of his mystical visions ... The primary image in the poem is a ... ...g to live in a real world. He does what he can, and gives the rest up for port wine. Kerouac and Ginsberg envisioned a dream that no one can live up to. Like everyone else, they are good at telling you whats wrong, but cannot com e up with the right answer nearly as quickly. From the evidence of the texts, I would give Kerouac more credit than Ginsberg, because he was less hypocritical and make his best attempt at reaching his spiritual goal. Ginsberg, however, definitely did his part in pinpointing the errors of a generation. Consequently, all are Holy and Beautiful. Works Cited Ginsberg, Allen. Sunflower Sutra. howl and other Poems. San Francisco City Lights, 1956. Rpt. in The New American Poetry. Ed. Donald M. Allen. New York Grove Press, 1960. 179-181. Kerouac, Jack. The Dharma Bums. New York Penguin Books, 1976.

Holocaust Museum Essay -- essays research papers

Fourth FloorThe Nazi Assult1. The first exhibit that I experienced was a film on Hitlers rise to power. It showed how he played on the fears of the people by using propaganda to promote himself to becoming Chancellor of Germany. Ever though he lost the election, Hindenburg on January 30, 1933 appointed Hitler Chancellor. 2. The next thing that caught my interest was a film on anti-Semitism. This film showed the roots for peoples natural fear of the Jews from the times of Christianity through the middle ages and up to WWII. 3. The more traditional type of exhibit they had was ab proscribed how the Germans tried to separate Aryans from what they considered inferior races that did non deserve to exist. They tried to do this actually scientifically by measurements, facial features, eye color comparisons, and other features.4. In a different part of the exhibit, was the listing of all of the Jewish towns that were totally or partially whipped out because of the Holocaust. The names of the towns were engraved on the glass windows of a corridor there were so many of them that they filled up the entire wall.Personal Response 1. This movie was very informative, for example before this movie I thought that Hitler was voted into power, but really he was appointed by Hindenburg. I thought that it was kind of scary that a government system could fall apart that easily.2. I was amazed at how long of a history anti-Semitism had. It went all the way back to the radical of Christianity. I also learned that one of Martin Lutherans, of the Lutheran Church, goals was to convert Jews to Christianity.3. I was astonished of how in depth the Germans went in measuring the body parts, such as the different parts of the head, the position of the nose, and so on.4. I just stood there for a little bit, just looking at the names of the towns, and I aphorism people pointing out different towns of there ancestors, but I could not relate to it at all.Third Floor"Final Solution"1. The actual borrow of the German plan for the Final Solution (1940-1945), was to isolate the Jews into Ghettos, and then to send them off to Concentration camps to be used for slave labor, or gassed. 2. The archway to Auschwitz was incarnate into the museum by having it as the archway to the part of the floor that describes the things that went on inside concentration camps. The Translation of the... ... drawers and closets. This is an interactive, pass on-on exhibit.3. The Quote "You are my witnesses" from Isaiah 4310 is reminding people who visit the museum that the Holocaust really did happen, and that such an event should never ever happen again.4. The middles of the museum from the first floor up is designed to look same(p) a ghetto, and it gives sort of an eerie olfactory modality to the place, that you are in the place of the Jews during the Holocaust in the ghettos, before the concentration camps.Personal Response 1. It is hard not to notice the architecture, be cause it was such a part of the museum. It had a lot of emotion in it, like it self endured the holocaust.2. I thought that this was really nest, all of the hands on stuff, and the little bits of the diary everywhere. It was a lot different to see the holocaust through the eyes of a child.3. This is a well known quote, and I thought about it a little bit, and I started to think about all of the bystanders of the Holocaust, not, Jewish, not Aryan, just there. They too must have been scared by it.4. While I was standing there I felt like I was actually inside of a ghetto. It was a sort of eerie feeling that I got.

Ruffies The Date Rape Drug :: Papers

Ruffies The Date Rape DrugTheyre called roofies, R-2s, rib, rope, The Club Drug, Mexican Valium. Theclinical name is Flunitrazepam, but its the effect that is important. Its called the take in rape drug because one of its most frightening and dangerous usesis to commit sexual assault a drug slipped into a plight with emerge the victims completeledge. Roofies are tasteless, colorless, odorless, and they dissolve in liquid within seconds. When the drug is taken or ingested alone it creates a drunk-like state when used withother drugs such as alcohol it can become a lethal mix. A year before he killed himself,rock star Kurt Cobain was in a coma and nigh died after taking Rohypnol.The effects include dizziness, confusion, stomach upset, temporary paralysis, blackoutand amnesia. The drug renders its victim helpless there is loss of control, loss ofinhibitions, an inability to know whats happening. Effects begin within a few minutes and last up to 12 hours, depending on the amountinge sted. The victim goes in and out of consciousness, aware of some things, totally unaware ofothers. Its the perfect agenda for sexual assault on an unwilling victimHow to Protect Yourself The drug is odorless, tasteless, and colorless. You alone cannot tell if a roofie has beenplaced in your drink. There have been numerous reports of rapes following use of the drug by unknowingvictims. Because of the potential for abuse, observe these precautions 1. never accept a drink from someone you dont know and TRUST. Order sealed drinks you can open yourself. Watch the bartender make your drink and dont use wait-people. 2. Never leave your drink unattended. ALWAYS keep your drink in your hand,not left on the bar or table. Take your drink to the rest room with you, or Give your drink to someone you know you can trust. If you do leave your drink unattended, order a new one. 3. Use the buddy system Tell your friends where you are at a party. Never leave without accounting f or those you came with. Watch your friends drinks if theyre not alert. stimulate a designated driver. 4. If you hear someone in your group kidding about date drugs, pay attentionoften someone planning to use a drug jokes about it, trying to get a reactionfrom others. This should be a warning leave the company of that person.

Poetry Styles of the Victorian Period Essay -- Realism, Naturalism

The Victorian achievement (1833-1901) brought about(predicate) the expansion of Britains booming economy. In Britain, around the source of the Victorian Period, the consequence of industrialism brought much zymosis across the land. The factories were notorious for their horrible working conditions, and the common workers housing was atrocious. Victorians were struggling with religious, philosophical, and loving ramifications (854-856). The complex background to what was misfortune in Britain at the time take to a new and interesting literary productions period.There happened to be three influential types of literature during the Victorian Period. The freshman of these types was Realism. When Victorian writers confronted the rapid technological and social changes amidst which they lived . . . (857) realism evolved. Realism centered on ordinary mint facing the day-to-day problems of life, and an emphasis that reflected the trend toward democracy and the growing middle -class audience for literature (857). The second type of literature that began to show up in the Victorian Period was Naturalism. Naturalism sought to specify the spirit of scientific observation to literary use (857) by including lots of details into literary works. This literature type appeared to contradict Romanticism and painted record as harsh and indifferent to the human beings suffering it caused (857). Thirdly, the Victorian Period brought about the Pre-Raphaelites literature. Pre-Raphaelites didnt accept real life and instead found phantasmal inspiration in medieval Italian art, . . . before the time of the painter Raphael (1483-1520) (858). The Victorian Period of literature brought about many poets and poems. The poetry of the Victorian Period mostly accordt with... ...assing on my daily trot. I am sorry, but I quite forgot It was your resting-place (974). This poem dealt with the Realism of the Victorian Period because this was an ordinary psyche later death wondering what ordinary person was digging on her grave. There was nothing special about the people in this poem and this was sort of a figurative day-to day problem because people do wonder about who would think about them after they die. Ah, Are You Digging on My Grave too had Naturalism aspects in it. Nature is portray as harsh and indifferent about human suffering in this poem because the dog gave no mission about its experienceer and only cared about its bone. Overall the Victorian Period was an interesting literary portion of time. It brought about many works of poetry that deal with characteristics of Realism and Naturalism in the authors own respective ways. Poetry Styles of the Victorian Period Essay -- Realism, NaturalismThe Victorian Period (1833-1901) brought about the expansion of Britains booming economy. In Britain, around the beginning of the Victorian Period, the consequence of industrialism brought much unrest across the land. The fa ctories were notorious for their horrible working conditions, and the common workers housing was atrocious. Victorians were struggling with religious, philosophical, and social ramifications (854-856). The complex background to what was happening in Britain at the time led to a new and interesting literature period.There happened to be three influential types of literature during the Victorian Period. The first of these types was Realism. When Victorian writers confronted the rapid technological and social changes amidst which they lived . . . (857) realism evolved. Realism centered on ordinary people facing the day-to-day problems of life, and an emphasis that reflected the trend toward democracy and the growing middle-class audience for literature (857). The second type of literature that began to show up in the Victorian Period was Naturalism. Naturalism sought to put the spirit of scientific observation to literary use (857) by including lots of details into literary work s. This literature type appeared to contradict Romanticism and painted nature as harsh and indifferent to the human suffering it caused (857). Thirdly, the Victorian Period brought about the Pre-Raphaelites literature. Pre-Raphaelites didnt accept real life and instead found spiritual inspiration in medieval Italian art, . . . before the time of the painter Raphael (1483-1520) (858). The Victorian Period of literature brought about many poets and poems. The poetry of the Victorian Period mostly dealt with... ...assing on my daily trot. I am sorry, but I quite forgot It was your resting-place (974). This poem dealt with the Realism of the Victorian Period because this was an ordinary person after death wondering what ordinary person was digging on her grave. There was nothing special about the people in this poem and this was sort of a figurative day-to day problem because people do wonder about who would think about them after they die. Ah, Are You Digging on My Grave also had Naturalism aspects in it. Nature is portrayed as harsh and indifferent about human suffering in this poem because the dog gave no care about its owner and only cared about its bone. Overall the Victorian Period was an interesting literary portion of time. It brought about many works of poetry that deal with characteristics of Realism and Naturalism in the authors own respective ways.

Use of Rhetoric in Jonathan Edwards Sinners in the Hands of an Angry G

On July 8th 1741, Jonathan Edwards preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God in Enfield, Connecticut. Edwards states to his listeners that God does not lack in power, and that mess have yet not fallen to destruction because his mercy. God is so forgiving that he gives his people an opportunity to repent and change their ways out front it was too late. Edwards urges that the possibility of damnation is immanent. Also that it urgently requires the considerations of the sinner before time runs out. He does not only preach about the ways that submit God so omnipotent, but the ways that he is more superior to us. In his sermon, Edwards uses strong, powerful, and influential words to clearly point out his message that we must(prenominal) amend our ways or else destruction invincible. Edwards appeals to the spectators though the various usages of rhetorical devices. This includes diction, imagery, language/tone and syntax. Through the use of these rhetoric devices, Edward ss purpose is to move the speculators that life is given by God and so they must live according to him. This include...

Use of Rhetoric in Jonathan Edwards Sinners in the Hands of an Angry G

On July 8th 1741, Jonathan Edwards preached the sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God in Enfield, Connecticut. Edwards states to his listeners that God does not lack in power, and that people have yet not fallen to destruction because his mercy. God is so forgiving that he gives his people an opportunity to repent and change their slipway before it was too late. Edwards urges that the possibility of damnation is immanent. Also that it urgently requires the considerations of the sinner before time runs out. He does not only preach about the slipway that make God so omnipotent, but the ways that he is more superior to us. In his sermon, Edwards uses strong, powerful, and influential words to clearly point out his center that we must amend our ways or else destruction invincible. Edwards appeals to the spectators though the various usages of rhetorical devices. This includes diction, imagery, language/tone and syntax. Through the use of these rhetoric devices, Edwardss utiliza tion is to remind the speculators that life is given by God and so they must live according to him. This include...

Henritta Lacks Paper

The immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks tells a fascinating story of a sample of cells that forever changed the landscape of scientific question. The curb tells the story of the family related to Henrietta Lacks. The book touches on the doctor and patient relationship. Henrietta Lacks cells (also known as HeLa) became involved in bringing informed coincide to the research field. The patient didnt always know what the doctor was doing to them. The doctor should always inform the subject of what they are doing and the purpose before the subject can consent.Informed consent is a profound procedure to ensure that a patient or client knows all of the risks and costs involved in a treatment. Up to 1947, the conceit of informed consent hadnt even crossed anyones mind. In 1947, the Nuremberg trials were held wherein 7 Nazi scientist were convicted of conducting unthinkable tests on Jewish subjects. This marked the first m informed consent entered anyones conscience. It still wasnt law. It was just an ethical code which had no legal bindings.Then ten years later, when scientist Southman was injecting HeLa into patients bodies without telling them how dangerous it was and around of them died and an investigation ensued. This caused a division between people and doctors. Some doctors decided against informed consent because it would interfere with their research practices. There was great fear amongst the African American community about doctors kidnapping them and doing all sorts of wild tests on them. There was some truth to these apprehensions.Doctors would regularly test on African Americans with consent. In the book, when the doctors ask Day if they can do an autopsy they didnt give him the whole elaborate. But that wasnt the rule back in those times. The problem with explaining the details to people is that they simply wouldnt understand what the doctor was talking about. The patient had no clue what a cell was. So rather than explain what they were doing in de tail they would just tell that it would benefit their children. This is wrong, doctors shouldnt take the easy way out.They should inform their patients of the extent of their intentions. The doctors would prey on the black communitys ignorance in the medical field. The doctors should have just told them their intentions. In todays atmosphere, the rights of patients are more protected than they were in the 1950s. Doctors now have a legal and ethical duty to inform patients in all areas. Therefore, more information is available to patients so they are able to make intelligent and informed decisions on their medical treatment and use of their tissue, cells or organs.

Mod a Essay Hsc

Analyse how Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and A elbow room of unmatcheds Own imaginatively portray individuals who challenge the set up values of their time. Literature is an evaluation of the established values of their time, a manifestation of the composers perspectives regarding key issues that characterised their zeitgeist. This is evident in Virginia Woolfs polemical essay, A Room of unmatcheds Own (1929), in which she portrays male anxiety towards women during the post-WWI period.Similarly, Edward Albees 1962 satirical drama, Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf (Afraid) projects an analogous fear of female office, although in post-WWII American society. In a further comparison, both composers focus on the importance of wealth in society, where Woolf considers the significance of material security with regards to fiction writing in side society in the 1920s, whilst Albee criticises materialistic values in relation to social conformity in American society in the 1960s.Since the l ate nineteenth century female suffrage movement that empowered women, men feared being displaced from their traditional positions of authority. Woolf conveys these established patriarchal values through A Room of Ones Own, in her examination of the phallocentric literary sphere of the 1920s, where anybody could write literature, save they were not women. The emblemic title mellowedlights womens need for material security as a pre-condition to writing fiction, arguing that historically, men have denied women opportunities for achieving economic equality.Woolfs ironic use of simile reinforces her hypothesis that if only Mrs Seton had learnt the great art of fashioning money and had left their money, like their fathers to found fellowships. This highlights the historical lack of edu purifyional and financial opportunities for women. Furthermore, Woolf blames patriarchal values for institutionalising discriminatory practices in side society. At the fabricated Oxbridge, a Beadle in dicates that this was the turf there was the path, symbolising the established gender exclusion in academia. Her thoughts interrupted, she expresses disappointment as they had sent my little fish into privateness.Through this metaphor, Woolf implies that mens protection of their turf denied women opportunities for creativity, portraying an ingrained contextual fear of female intelligence that was perceived as encroaching upon male dominance in every sphere of endeavour. Albees contemporary political satire, Afraid, also portrays male and female rivalry, incorporating textual features such as intense drama and blunt stage directions to convey the fierce gender conflict of his time. Whilst both texts were composed in post-war periods, Albees drama savagely critiques the established societal values of baseborn town American society in the 1960s.This is evident when Martha criticises George as a greatbigfatFLOP unable to rise up the departmental ranks. The use of crude colloquial l anguage and aggressive stage directions accentuates her frustration as she spits the word at Georges back, radiateing Marthas authority all over him, which symbolises womens growing influence in mainstream American society in the 1960s. Furthermore, Martha recalls the boxing match we had in an attempt to humiliate him, an allegory for the gendered power struggle.George reacts negatively, and to witness superiority, he takes a short-barrelled shotgun aims it at Martha and pulls the trigger. Coupled with this stage direction, Albees use of exclamatory punctuation in Georges childish point-scoring of prisoner of war Youre dead signifies his desperation to recover his masculinity. In this way, Albee portrays the constant quarrelling between George and Martha as a symbol of anxiety and dysfunctionality in America in the 1960s, render the national paranoia associated with the Cold War and nuclear warfare.Just as Woolf and Albee represent the gender conflict in post-war societies, they also criticise the wealth inequality and the greed of their time. Whilst Woolf reasons that discrimination against women often prevented them from writing fiction, she also considers that poor material conditions likewise limited their contri thoion to literature. Through the use of the modal verb to emphasise the importance of financial security, she expresses her public debate regarding material needs that a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction.The anecdote of the tailless cat is symbolic of the distractions that interrupted women in their writing, thus Woolf highlights the need for the privacy of a room of ones own in order to think of things in themselves. Furthermore, she decides that 500 pounds a year for ever seemed infinitely more important than the suffrage movement as it was more conducive to her writing fiction. No durable working like a slave, Woolfs simile highlights that food, house, and clothing are forever mine, reflecting the value of financial security in English society in the 1920s.Thus, Woolf sustains her thesis and highlights the importance of money and privacy, conveying the established attitude that a secure income ensured creative and intellectual freedom in English society. Alternatively, Albees political allegory reflects his criticism of the materialistic mores of American society in the 1960s, portraying human shallowness in a dramatic appraisal of the American Dream, an idea which has resonated within society since the founding of America.It epitomises a conservative national ethos that entailed the possibility of universal prosperity and the pursuit of happiness for all, thus some(prenominal) individuals sought to increase their wealth and social status. This materialistic idea is conveyed through Nick, who crudely boasts, my wifes got some money. In characterising Nick as the typical shallow jock, Albee undermines this concept of the self-made man, dramatising a soulless aspect of the American Dream. Additionally, Martha criticises Georges salary, mirroring the contextual attitudes of middle-class America, when status was associated with high income levels.She sneers at George, advising him not to waste good liquornot on your salary. Here, Marthas mocking tone captures her disappointment as she hopes that was an empty nursing bottle. However, the empty bottle also symbolises her despair as George is only on an Associate Professors salary. This brings to mind the social importance of income but unlike in Woolfs society, where womens economic security may liberate creativity, here economic success serves as a status symbol within the American Dream.Thus, literature, with its distinct forms and features, is influenced by varying contexts, portraying similar concerns that enhance our understanding of the established values of the time. Woolfs polemic, A Room of Ones Own (1929), may differ textually and contextually from Albees Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf (1962), which portrays a savage attack on American values, but both texts reflect male fear of women due to their growing influence in post war societies. Furthermore, they focus on the importance of wealth with regard to literary creativity in English society in the 1920s and the realisation of the American Dream during the 1960s.

Importance of Books in Life Essay

Learning is a signifi whoremongert process in forgiving being life. It is self-evidence that human development mass not stand without a good adopting. To reach that target, race always search the appropriate ways. Besides, the mains great elements that help people to learn are books and experiences because of their unlimited benefits. The book is a valuable source of knowledge that consists of infinite benefits. It transports us into different worlds and cultures, as well as, it informs us about antediluvian civilizations and lore.In addition, it helps us to learn about new technologies and literature. It allows speaking languages fluently and to communicate spontaneously. Therefore, the book can be faithful friend and the nearest into us which can guide us to how to behave in our practical life. Our practical life is in like manner, in addition to books, based on experience. This latter is a authoritative element that assists to overcome obstacles. Experience keeps our minds aware of the way to solve some problems, for example, if someone re-confront a problem, it would be easy for him/her to solve it.Experience also could assign to us the suitable method of living in our life. In conclusion, instruction is a strong challenge that requires patience and efforts. Books and experiences are the best manners of learning because of their vast importance and great advantages. Books can play a very important role in shaping our life because we can learn rafts of things easily from books. Books provide a great solution in front of us to learn about anything and increase our knowledge level.Therefore, large numbers of people nigh the world read books because they find them very useful. Books are present in our world from many centuries in different forms and shapes of books are changing with time. Today, we can find books in pdf or audio formats as per the need of people. Though, all these books provide same help by increasing our knowledge levels. People ca n easily buy books from various book stores available in market or they can use online web stores to order bestselling books. Best Answer chosen by VotersThe importance of reading books is gaining new insight or perspectives on issues that matter to the reader that helps them to have a new understanding of the world around them. Readers can apply the insight in everyday life or as a way of building upon the knowledge that already encompasses their mind and amend their lives. The importance of books are also found in how new discoveries pertaining to history are uncovered and/or revealed where the relevance of this the new information needs to be applied or amended in what already exists about a particular issue, topic or event.Thus, new books on existing issues are important because sometimes facts change. Books are a tangible, valuable record of our world. Sure we have the internet and computers with vast amounts of information stored in them but all of history isnt in a comput er. History, the stories of civilations long gone and ancient languages forgotten are somewhere in a book. Books are there so you can learn, consider and sometimes escape from the world around you. There is nothing like sitting down with a new book, the pages crisp and fresh, and reading about a love story, or a horrible murder.Books are an out permit for many people. For some it is their way of expressing their imagination writers create so we can read and let our minds take us to a different place, a different time, maybe even a different world. For others, books are an escape. When the world gets to be too wacky and you need to escape you can pick up a book and forget about the world around you. Books enables us to see life with other peoples eyes. People are able to communicate their view of the world to a large audience.Books also enables us to understand other cultures, which in charm enables us to relate better with others. Books can have a profound effect on society and the world because they enable an individual to change the world. A single book by a single author can make a huge difference in the whole world. Think Tuesdays with Morrie, immortal has a dream and you begin to see the role of books in society and why they are important. Books glue people and cultures together. But unfortunately they can also be used to do just the opposite of the above.

Costco Wholesale Corporation

Costco Wholesale Corporation, which was established in 1983 as a single store in Seattle, became the biggest membership w behouse club chain the world, employing the so-called less-is-more concept. With such concept, Costco Wholesale Corporation also looks upon themselves as the membership warehouse club that has the capability to mete out top-quality food, hardlines, softlines, and other goods usually in a large number or lot quantity at the lowest possible price. Costco now has over 457 stores which are situated in most(prenominal) parts of the United States and is still growing.Their success was mainly attributed to their sales volume, good consumer acceptance, generally good values and node care, and the lowest possible price offered. Furthermore, Costco sells, provides or displays items or intersection points from limited suppliers or from a small number of suppliers. Variety of items is also get overd and this is done to reduce the risk of purchase decision and encourag es a consumer to buy such increase or service. Another benefit of this is that loyalty on a certain product or service is created or improved.The corporations goal is to provide more discounts and cheaper prices to the customers, foc victimisation more on the customers, rather than to the competition. It is able to provide press down cost and greater discounts because the corporations marketing style is to reduce overhead cost by reducing fancy outlet designs, taking to the highest degree everything to simplicity. Costco also pays to its workers and employees, giving them good salaries and benefits, resulting to the tremendous low rates of theft and turnovers by its employees.Since Costco is known for its cheap prices and sales in large or bulk quantities, it had created policies, just like other competing membership warehouse clubs, regarding merchandise returns and exchanges. Costco had been formulating and had been modifying its product covers in order for their goal and or concept to be followed. These justifys, in order to improve a business quality or to be used as stepping stones for a corporations growth, such as the Costco, must be effective.Costco Wholesale Corporation provides information regarding the guarantees that they offer on products and memberships, but it seems that their guarantees vary from one Costco branch to the other. In Costco found or established Japan, What is Costco? their guarantee states that COSTCOS bland DOUBLE GUARANTEE on merchandise We guarantee your satisfaction on every product we sell with a full refund. On membership We leave refund your membership fee in full at any time if you are dissatisfied. With regards to the corporations guarantee, a policy regarding computer returns was created.This is in relation to Costco (Japan) unconditional double guarantee. Costcos return policy, What is Costco? , states COSTCOS COMPUTER RETURN POLICY Costco Wholesales return policy for all desktop and notebook computers is six months from the image of purchase. After six-months from the get word of purchase, all services and technical support will be subject to the applicable remaining manufacturers warranty. While on the other hand, the guarantee of Costco Wholesale Corporation in their online store, Costco Returns, states that Costco.com Costco guarantees your satisfaction with the merchandise you purchase from us. Costco. com products may be returned to any of our hundreds of Costco warehouses worldwide. Or, if you wish to return or exchange merchandise straightaway to costco. com, contact us at customer service. Effective November 4th, 2002, Costco Wholesales desktop and notebook computer return policy is six-months from the date of purchase. After six-months from the date of purchase, all service and technical support will be subject to the applicable remaining manufacturers warranty. According to Christopher W. L.Hart, effective guarantees must be unconditional, meaty, voiced to understand, ea sy to invoke, and easy to collect (72). A guarantee is said to be easy to understand and communicate if the guarantee that is created is written in a simple manner, using concise language and directly state what the guarantee is about or what it offers. This is done in order for customers and employees to know or learn what to expect and what is expect of them, respectively. Evaluating the guarantee stated by Costco in Japan, it fuel be observed that it is indeed easy to understand, and is slowly communicated.It clearly states in its guarantee on the merchandise, that they can provide satisfaction to the customers for every product that they sell and directly states a promise to give a full refund, in cases that the former statement is not fulfilled. Also, with regards to their membership, it was also directly stated that if a customer was disappointed or frustrated, they (Costco), would give a full refund. Furthermore, with regards to some items or products they sell under the g ranting immunity of a full refund, the policy regarding these products is also clearly stated.Evaluating the guarantee given by Costco in their online store, though understandable, it is not easily understood as compared to the previous guarantee. It does not state the companys promise, or what the company would do or give in return if a customer becomes dissatisfied with their goods and services. root to the applicable remaining manufacturers warranty seems vague and that customers would already think twice when it comes to invoking refunds. The guarantee stated at Costcos online store (costco.com) should be stated in fewer words, pinpointing more on the necessary information, terms, and policies. With regards to a meaningful guarantee, two considerations or concerns are raised by Hart. A guarantee is said to be meaningful, first, if the guarantee provided by the company or corporation addresses the service that is of most importance to the customers. Second, a guarantee is said t o be meaningful or of good quality, if it is meaningful financially or that a guarantee should focus on what a customer would enjoy more.The guarantee stated by Costco in Japan, is indeed meaningful, as it noticeably indicates that it would provide full refund for both products and membership fees. In this guarantee, price, which is considered by Hart as the most fundamental element for a meaningful guarantee, is evident. Costcos guarantee is meaningful relative to the price of the product or service. Costco would return the price which the customer paid, in full, if the customers are not satisfied with their products or services.On the other hand, the online store of Costco only states or offers a return or exchange of a product bought by an unsatiable consumer. One meaningful thing is that in the statement of their guarantee, the customers are informed that they have several outlets or that stores where the customer could return or exchange the merchandise. This helps the custom ers by immediately identifying where customers could go or convey their problems. Again, better promise or customer return should be created, or if such promise or retribution exists, it should be clearly declared in their guarantee or policy.In the further evaluation of a good guarantee, a guarantee is said to be easily invoked by customers if the move that a customer has to take is simple, trouble-free and undemanding. The process of invoking a full return of a good or service should be straightforward and uncomplicated or understandable. This will help customers who are already displeased, to favor or buy again such goods or services by the business establishment. In addition to an easily-invoked guarantee, Hart states that customers should not be made to feel guilty about invoking the guarantee no questioning, no raised eyebrows, or Why me.Lord? looks. A company should encourage unhappy customers to invoke its guarantee, not put up roadblocks to keep them from speaking up (5 ). Looking on Costcos guarantee on this aspect, complains, garners and calls conveyed to the customer service of Costco can be used. How Costco resolves to these complaints and the measures they take to help the customers and the process of invoking a refund can also looked into. The process of invoking a refund is easy. There are no forms to be filled or series of questions to be answered.A customer just needs to bring the product to the Costco warehouse. From the statement of the guarantee in Costcos online store, it was stated that there are a lot of Costco warehouses where the customer can return or exchange the product, though a list of these warehouses were not given. Some reported complaints were about growing membership bills even if a customer had already left the list of Costcos members. Also, there were some complains regarding Costcos customer service or how Costco deals with complains or requests from customers.With regards to these complaints, Costco creates ways of helping these customers in other ways or that, in most cases, the managers send letters of apologies to unsatisfied customers. There was an incident that a customer was asking for the tires he bought to be installed in the front of his minivan (Consumer complaints about Costco tires). Costco did not respond to this request and kept a firm stand that these new set of tires should be installed in the rears. Costco states that it is top hat for the tires to be installed in the rears, even if the vehicle was a front wheel drive.They offered a video and articles stating or defending their claim regarding the installation of tires on the rears. Major sales representative Chris Biggers, sent a letter in response to the complaint regarding the installation of tires on the rears and stated that Costco aims or looks on the safety of both its employees and members (the consumers). With regards to the manipulation of Costco employees and managers to the discontented customers, I think that C ostco tries their best in addressing the complaints and that they still reserve a good relationship with the consumers.Other wholesale corporations such as the Wal-Mart experience the same complaints, worst, they have more. Wal-Mart had been continuously complained because of their unfriendly treatment with customers. Their customer service and care was insufficient and sometimes, there are incidents of discrimination. Costco on the other hand have strong principles that they apply for the benefit of consumers and that they humble themselves to maintain the good relationship that they have with the customers.It is just that customers are already irritated that they fail to see the efforts of Costco in helping them. Further military force training and teambuilding should also be exercised by the company in order to nicely and properly address disgruntled customers, most especially those with tempers. There were complains filed against Costco, stating that their refunds or certain p roducts were not being received by the customers or that Costco is unable to give the necessary benefit or compensation for a poor service or low-quality product.If a refund was promised, the problem was that no certain dates of such reimbursement were given by the customer service, oftentimes resulting to unclaimed refunds. In terms of the refunds, Costco is at the losing end. Costco provides the cheapest price as much as possible, by keeping a mark up that is not higher than 14 percent for unbranded products or items and mark up not higher than 15 percent for non-private-labeled items, unlike its competitors who has mark ups up to 25 percent, or even 50 percent.Suppliers also keep pressure on Costco regarding product returns. I recommend improved customer service hotlines or more customer service centers that are accessible to the consumers for easier perplexity of complaints and quick response to customer needs. Also, the policy regarding the guarantee they provide should be fu rther developed, but taking importance not to render the guarantee unwieldy for both the company and its consumers. Works CitedConsumer Complaints About Costco Tires. 2004. ConsumerAffairs. Com Inc. August 31, 2007. . What Is Costco? Japan, 2005. Costco Wholesale Japan, Inc. and Costco Wholesale Corporation. August 31, 2007. . Greenhouse, Steven. How Costco Became the Anti-Wal-Mart. The New York Times, 2005. Hart, Christopher W. L. The Power of Unconditional Service Guarantees. The McKinsey Quarterly, 1989.

Creating a Safe Environment: 2-4 year Olds Essay

As an early childhood provider scoreing with 2-4 year old children I go forth be certainly to provide a unafraid, healthy, and appropriate indoor and outdoor encyclopaedism environment that helps their developmental characteristics. When preparing my indoor exposeing environment as closely as my outdoor learning environment I have to take into consideration each child their needs, their skills, their backgrounds, etc. For my indoor learning environment it is passing important to make authoritative that the area is welcoming for the students as well as the parents, I depart make trusted that the area is lit right on (natural light and/ or energy saving bulbs) and full of colors. The furniture in the classroom result be child sized and very sturdy. Children result overly be assigned their own cubbies where they will be able to place their knapsacks and other belongings (this gives them a hint of independence). There will be different sections of the classroom for diffe rent activities (reading area, drama/ act as add area, circle area, music area, etc.), not just for play but will enhance their social, emotional, physical and cognitive domains. I will also make surely that the entire classroom is cleaned on a daily basis and all toys are sanitized. I will also be sure that all sockets are covered with protectors and make sure that thither are smoke detectors and fire extinguishers and an evacuation plan in the facility, as well as having clear pathways in case of an emergency.In the kitchen area I will make sure that all cabinets so children will not be able to have access to any hazardous materials as well as any foods. Also in the kitchen area I will have a bulletin board accessible to all kitchen staff to list the name of the children in the facility and their allergies (if any). In the restroom I will be sure that all toilets and washbasins are to the childrens reach so they can be more independent and for those who are being potty trained b e sure that there are more than passable and be certain that they are cleaned (by an adult) after every use. Children will be encour matured to wash their hands often to reduce the spread of germs to each other. Forthe outdoor learning environment, I will definitely make sure that the area is properly gated there is no high grass or trash around on the floors. I will also make sure that the children have easy access to the restrooms, and be sure that there is a first aid kit handy. I definitely will make sure of the child to teacher ratio this helps with keeping an eye on the children, which helps reduce the chances of one of them being seriously hurt.I will also make sure of the following Selection of play equipment is appropriate for childrens ages, play equipment is in good condition (e.g. no broken or rusty parts, missing pieces, splinters, smashing edges, frayed rope, open S hooks, or protruding bolts), Large pieces of equipment are stable and anchored securely in the ground finishes are non-toxic and intact, Equipment is placed sufficiently far apart to allow a smooth flow of traffic and adequate supervision an appropriate safety zone is provided around equipment, and, a variety of play surfaces (e.g. grass, concrete, and sand) is available shade is provided (Marotz, 2012), just to name a few. One thing that we have to keep in mind as an early childhood provider is the relationship between a persons safety, health and nutrition. Parents entrust that their children are well taking care of each time they drop them remove in our care they want to make sure that they are feed a well-balanced healthy and nutritional meal, and that they are safe from danger, so how is it that roughly may feel that these three things are not related. In my personal opinion they work hand in hand and very much so dependent on each other. Health, safety, and nutrition are very much so interrelated.Health is a state of wellness. Complete physical, mental, social, and emotional well-being the flavor of one element affects the state of the other safety refers to the behaviors and figures that protect children as well as adults from unnecessary harm and, nutrition refers to the science of food, its chemical components (nutrients), and their relationship to health and disease. It includes all of the processes, from the ingestion and digestion of food to the absorption, transportation, and utilization of nutrients, and finally the excretion of unused end products. Nutrients are essential for life and have a contain effect on a childs nutritional status, behavior, health, and development (Marotz, 2012). I cannot help but to agree with these examples given and it is trounce to have children practice these things as young as possible. In the 2-4 year old age group childrenreally mimic what they see us doing as adults. So if we eat up healthy, exercise and practice things such as good hand washing, what do you think they will do? There are so many age-approp riate learning activities and toys that reinforce the important of health, nutrition, and safety for the 2-4 year old age group. I have listed a few that really caught my attention. This game will be considered a group game, this game teaches the children to identify their alphabets (upper and lower case) as well as their number this game is called Homemade Letter Bingo, as we know children learn through play. And letter or number bingo is a great place to start.The following items needed for this game are printable bingo card game numbers, alphabet, or numbers and letters, printable caller cards, small objects to use as markers, such as marshmallows, cereal, pennies, or M&Ms (Richards, 2014). A stand by learning age-appropriate activity is that of Cereal Patterns Practice patterning the fun wayby playing with your food Using a Fruit Loop-type cereal and yarn, help your preschooler create crunchy, edible patterns. The following items needed for this learning activity is that of Fr uit Loops or other loop-shaped cereal in a variety of colors, small bowl or cups, age-appropriate scissors, yarn or string, and masking tape (Edwards, 2012). Building blocks are great toys for children (whether blank or with letters on them). With building blocks it helps children in this age group (2-4 years old) with their problem solving skills, but what you will find near amazing is what they build out of the blocks. And another toy that will be considered age-appropriate is that of a kitchen set that will be located in the drama/pretend area. With this toy children pretend that they are chefs working in nice restaurants, they pretend that they are a parent cooking a nice meal for their families and the list goes on and on.But what I find so amazing with this age-group is that there is no limit to their imagination. However, we as educators have to continue to encourage the children to use their imagination, because they not only learn from us, we learn from them. An ideal loc ation, space, and security of a touch or school is very important, not only to the early childhood provider, but to the parents as well. Nowhere is health and safety more important than in group programs serving young children. When families enroll children in a program, they expect that the teachers will safeguard their childs well-being. They assume the facilities, toys, andequipment will be safe for childrens use, that teachers will carefully supervise their childrens activities, that the environment is clean, and the food is healthy. These expectations require teachers to be well informed and knowledgeable about how to create and remark environments that protect and promote childrens health and safety (Marotz, 2012). We have to make sure that there is adequate space for the children to move around inside and away it is good to also make sure that the facility is not in a noisy location where the children can be easily distracted.But most of all we have to think about the heal th of our little ones, we have to make sure that the building is properly inspected so we can protect them as well as ourselves from potential hazards. As early childhood providers/educators it is our sole responsibility to make sure that the children that we care for will be given the best education and protection, this includes their safety, nutrition and health. One thing that I live by and believe is that the children are our future, so it is our duty to mold them from young. I choose to work with the age group of 2-4 year olds because the one thing that amazes me with them is their imagination which increases their ability to learn. As an educator for such young children you have to able to open enough for them to teach you as well. I feel that Reggio Emilia Approach said it best children are capable of constructing their own learning (Isbell & Raines, 2007).ReferencesBradford-Edwards, S. (Sept. 7, 2012). Cereal Patterns. Retrieved from http//www.education.com/activity/ term/fr uit-loop-patterns/Isbell, R.T., & Raines, S.C. (2007). Creativity and the arts with young children. Belmont, CA Delmar. Marotz, L.R. (2012). Health, safety and nutrition for the young child 8th edition. Belmont, CA Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Richards, S. (May 9, 2014). Homemade letter bingo. Retrieved from http//www.education.com/activity/article/letterbingo_preschool/

Boeing Australia E-Procurement

Boeing Australia particular E procurement Executive Summary As Russell Menere, I recommend the management of Boeing Australia Limited to follow the footsteps of Boeing US to adopt and implement cost effective e-Procurement system, which can be interfaced with the bequest information system as we have IT infrastructure in place that is our core strength. Through e-Procurement system we can improve redundancies in the business process and operations, gain in productivity by upgrading procurement processes. live savings by reducing processing time, rationalization of a large number of BAL suppliers and maintaining relationship with Key Suppliers.Investing in an e-procurement system BAL would seek short bourne improvement tool that would simplify the procurement process across different di hatful and support complex interfaces with suppliers. We can broaden our scope to include drive off auctions tool as well. Key Assumptions I would assume that the management has approved a reasona ble amount for the cost of setup, implementation, training, interface and support of e-Procurement system with the BAL legacy system. Assuming that the BAL key suppliers have no problems with the changes to the procurement processes.Statement of issues The main issue is processes. There are redundancies in the business process low productivity and mellow processing time in procurement processes, a large number of BAL suppliers and relationship with Key Suppliers is not maintained. BAL is having budgetary constraints to invest in an expensive cutting system and set up complex interfaces within inter organization and with suppliers. Existing legacy system is having large information system across the organization. A list of possible barriers is as listed below Barriers to e-procurement Upper Management Support / Lack of Leadership Other Competing Initiatives Resistance to change Lack of a wide accepted solution Magnitude of Change Complicated procedures and extended relationships La ck of technical expertise Security in the process Data transmission to the unseasonable person Confidentiality of information unauthorized viewing Prevention of tampering with documents -changes to documents Different national approaches to e-procurement Proof of intent electronic signatures Clarity of sender and tendered information Enforceability of electronic squashs Information technology investment costs Cost of assessment of systems to find correct system to fulfill tasks Internal Compatibility External Compatibility Investment in matched systems Reluctance to buy-into one off system The major impediment is the Size of Company as the separate categories of commodities should have a volume enough so that it looks attractive to the suppliers for going in to an e-auction and going in to long term tighten. These vendors are to be given a visibility of the order size during the contract period so that they can weigh their options.Criteria The Boeing Companys vision is interp reted according to the organization of the various divisions who are committed to the corporate vision by keeping customer as center and cost reduction with a good quality. Reverse Auction A reverse auction is an electronic auction where buyers enter requirements, and Suppliers bid to provide the required goods and services. It is conducted in real-time, And bidders see the offers of competitive bidders but no the names of the other Bidders. The bidding prices move down as the auction progresses.The consortium of vendors participating in the e-auction process should be prescreened and graded on an index point scale on various attributes the likes of Quality, Delivery timelines, financial standing, Competitors, grocery standing and other Customer feedback. The steps in a reverse auction Define the event. Prepare suppliers. Develop stage specifications and auction parameters. Conduct an RFQ period. Run the auction. Potential be and Benefits The major costs involved are mainly under the following heads 1. Software cost. 2. E-procurement platform hiring fee. 3. development Costs to all relevant employees and vendors. . Vendor classification and grading and appraisal cost. 5. RFQ and RFA clarification with vendors Time cost. 6. Administrative costs. 7. Time involved in analysis and present of contract. 8. Quality check mechanism cost. Benefits Process cost savings (Tender / Purchase Process) Service / Material / Product Cost Savings. Reduced Waste Transaction brass section Cost Savings Reduced Administration Increasing Profit Margins Strategic Cost Savings Enhanced Inventory Management Decrease in Costs done reduced staffing levels Shortened Overall Procurement Cycle Times Shortened Communication Cycle Times Reduction in time through greater transparency(Less objections) Reduction in Evaluation Time Reduction in Time through improved internal workflow Reduction in purchasing order fulfillment time Reduction in time through increased visibility increas e Quality through increased competition increase Quality through Benchmarking (Market Intelligence) Increased Quality through increased visibility in the supply chain Increased Quality through increased efficiency. Increased Quality through Improved Communication Gaining Competitive Advantage Recommendations In such competitive scenario E-procurement is apt solution for Boeing Australia.I would recommend making relevant gobs of commodities focused under various categories and offered to relevant set of vendors to give them a good business perspective and gain competitive advantage to the company during the contract period. All the bigger $-value lots to be awarded under e-auction and smaller lots can be awarded through open auctions for low risk items. An Online system should be aligned with vendor systems can be developed to process in time orders and payments. These steps will provide Boeing reduced cycle times, determine market price of goods and in turn reduce overall cost of g oods.

Srs of Library Management

parcel Requirements Specification For A-Flex alter program subroutine library perplexity brass variance 1. 2 Prepared by A-FLEX pigeonholing Jude Marlon B. Alegro 111694 e-mailprotected com Arnel G. Abagua 082198 emailprotected com Jun Jun G. Abanag 102206 emailprotected om Ronaldo R. Arbes 061491 emailprotected com Amado C. Tan 101078 emailprotected com Instructor Prescilla F.Catalan Course & Year BS in Information Technologarithmy 3 Schedule TTH 730 900 AM phonograph recordinging April 16, 2013 Table of Contents title pagei table of contentsii table of figuresiii Revisionsiv 1Introduction5 1. 1Document Purpose5 1. 2Product Scope5 1. expositions, Acronyms and abridgments5 1. 4References6 1. 5Overview6 2 general description7 2. 1Product Perspective7 2. 2Product Functionality8 2. 3 programrs and Characteristics8 2. 4Operating Environment9 2. 5Design and Implementation Constraints9 2. 6 workoutr Documentation10 2. 7Assumptions and Dependencies10 3Specif ic Requirements11 3. 1 remote port Requirements11 3. 1. 1User Interfaces 14 3. 1. 2Hardware Interfaces. .. 14 3. 1. 3Software Interfaces 14 3. 1. 4 communion Interfaces.. 15 3. 2Functional Requirements 15 3. 2. 1 bibliothec Use Cases. 5 3. 2. 2 clerk Use Cases. 19 3. 2. 3Borrower Use Cases. 24 4Other Non-functional Requirements27 4. 1Performance Requirements27 4. 2 sentry duty and Security Requirements27 4. 3Software Quality Attributes28 4. 3. 1Functionality 28 4. 3. Usability. 28 4. 3. 3Reliability.. 28 4. 3. 4Supportability.. 28 Appendix A Data Dictionary. 30 Appendix B Group log. 31 InDEX. 33 Table of intentions Figure 1 Context diagram7 Figure 2 Operating environment9 Figure 3 Main interface11Figure 4 log station for librarian12 Figure 5 clerk station for connection13 Figure 6 shop clerk station14 Librarian Use Cases15 lumber in 15 logarithm come out.. 16 Search take.. 6 Issue book.. 17 up find out informationbase. 18 shop clerk Use Cases19 Log in 19 Log out.. . 9 Sear ch book . 20 Issue book.. 21 Return book.. 21 Add book 2 Update infobase. 23 Borrower Use Cases24 Log in 24 Borrow book.. 24 Return book 5 Revisions Version Primary Author(s) translation of Version Date Completed 1. 2 Jun Jun G. Abanag, Jude The revision of this SRS was d mavin by request. Error 04/16/13 Marlon B. Alegro corrections to some parts of the document were needed to amply complete an accurate Software Requirements Specification.Some specified features were removed beca put on it was uncompleted over receivable(p) to lack of while and preparation. Some small details in chapters were also correct and Content page was revised. Finally, to finish the SRS, then Appendix B and Index were added. Introduction 1 Document Purpose This Software Requirements Specification pass on impart a complete description of all the functions and specifications of the project, A-Flex Automated Library Management schema. It leave al adept explain the purpose and the features of the corpse, the interface of the constitution, what the dodge of rules will do, the constraints under which it must operate and how the dodging will react to external stimuli. This document is intended for both of the stakeholders and the developers of the system and will be proposed to the College Library of Samar College. Product Scope The A-Flex Automated Library Management ashes will be designed for the librarian, the staff and clerks and especially for the students of SC Library to maximize their productivity by providing tools to assist in automating the production and action enter in monitoring materials borrowing and returning of books and opposite library materials assessing the overdue inventorying and creation of statistics and reports, which otherwise hurl to be performed manually in an ordinary daily basis.More specifically, this system will allow a certain user to manage, organize and monitor the data and attendance of the clerks, the bert h of the books and other library properties and the library videotapes of the registered students to the library. Nevertheless the access to these capabilities will depend on the user allow of an account. It will automatically post statistical reports base on the data stored in its associate database which is updated consistently. Therefore the computer software will give an ease to do these tasks that are vital in managing the library. Definitions, Acronyms and Abbreviations Term Definition Borrower Any psyche who wishes to borrow books inside the tame library. clerk Any person who assists the librarian in minor tasks needed performed inside the library. Database A line of battle of all data produced by the system. Librarian A person who is assigned responsible in generally managing the schoolhouse library. QR calculate Quick Response code, a type of bar code/encrypted code that will be employ for the project in identification purposes. Requirements Refers to th e what the product has to do, non the how it is be get ine. SC Abbreviation of the name of the school where the system will be proposed. The Samar College SRS Software Requirements Specifications.A document that completely describes all of the functions of a proposed system and the constraints under which it must operate. For example, this document. Stakeholder Any person with an interest to the project but is not a developer. User Any person who operates or interacts directly with the product. VB Visual Basic, a building/programming software used in creating the system XAMPP An application used to demand a connection between the product and its database. 4 References IEEE. IEEE Std 830-1998 IEEE Recommended Practice for Software Requirements Specifications. IEEE Computer Society, 1998. IEEE The relevant IEEE standards are published in IEEE Standards Collection, 2001 edition. Bruade The principal source of textbook material is Software Engineering An Object- Oriented Pers pective by Eric J. Bruade (Wiley 2001). Reaves SPMP Software Project Management Plan Jacksonville State University Computing and Information Sciences Web Accessible Alumni Database. Jacksonville State University, 2003. 5 OverviewThe next chapter, the Overall commentary section, of this document gives an overview of the functionality of the product. It describes the informal requirements and is used to wee a context for the technical requirements specification in the next chapter. The third chapter, Requirements Specification section, of this document is written primarily for the developers and describes in technical terms the details of the functionality of the product. Both sections of the document describe the aforesaid(prenominal) software product in its entirety, but are intended for different audiences and thus use different language. Overall DescriptionThis section provides a more detailed overview of the system, including a description of the products functions and overar ching constraints. 1 Product Perspective A Flex Automated Library Management System Figure 1 Context diagram As shown in the Figure 1, A-Flex Automated Library Management System (A-Flex ALMS) is independent from other system and has three active actors and one database (where all information is stored and retrieved from). The Borrower, clerk and the Librarian have a privilege to access the library system. However, the Librarian totally has the privilege to access the database, i. e. eleting, updating and/or adding such records and making reports. A-Flex ALMS uses Interaction Model, a Use Case plat, to make stakeholders easily view the system operation. 2 Product Functionality The product has the pas snip major functionalities Automated logging in of students into the library Automated borrowing and returning of books Enables to show the status of the books Enables the clerk to create the due time of returning books for photocopying purpose Enables the user to pursuit for a particular book apply the systems specialized built-in search engine QR code s apprizener functionality Database data storage 3 Users and Characteristics There are essentially three users for the system and are expected to be computer-literate the borrower, as this project is being made so obviously the main thickening for this system who wishes to borrow materials in the library. The students of the school are not only the borrower, force and other employees of Samar College who are in the inclination of an orbit of the schools employees, for confirmation, may borrow books if they give envelop to librarian, this envelop will serve as their record of borrowing. The borrower may also be a student from other schools, that are required to register (P 50. 0) to schools registrar to access a privilege and utilize the offered 8 hours services the librarian, the main user of the system who manages the library and its database and responsible for activities such as adding book recor ds, deleting book records, updating book status such as if book is issued and etc. the clerk, the assistant librarian and secondary user of the system who has a privilege to lend books, they are expected to have a different privilege as to librarian. 4 Operating Environment XAMPP Link from proposed system Figure 2 Operating environmentThe system will be operated in the Samar College Library, as it was proposed to. When the user interacts into the system, the system will pass the user to the database, through XAMPP v. 3. 0. 12 which allows Windows program to transfer data to and from the database to record e real interaction of the user. 5 Design and Implementation Constraints The current constraints on the project are related to the provision of hardware resources to implement and test high-performance features. At present, an Intel Dual-core processor is needed, with a 2 GB RAM, serves as the server, with XAMPP running on top of the Windows 7 operating system.For better perform ance analysis, a number of dedicated fly the coopstations would be beneficial for the student workstation. The hardware that the project will be running on may constrain some design decisions pertaining to real-time and performance, as swell as the s abideners accuracy. Also, certain required hardware at bottom the library imposes specific requirements on the project. The following is a list of constraints pertaining to the accuracy of the library system The information of all the users must be stored in a database that is accessible by the system. The students must have logged in upon entering the library in front they can borrow materials or books. The librarian only has the privilege and responsibility for the systems security and privacy. Clerk and librarian have different privileges upon using the system. LAN is not implemented. BIOS of the system unit should be working to get the real-time in issuing of the books to the borrowers. 6 User Documentation The user can eas ily understand of the usage of the system with a users manual to be delivered with the system.The manual would be helpful with the some screen shoots within it. User can easily learn operation of the system by displaying cor opposeing shortcuts on controls for simple task. Contacts numbers of the developers will be given to the school librarian for further assistance when complex problems arise. 7 Assumptions and Dependencies A number of factors that may affect the requirements specified in the SRS include The users have sufficient intimacy of computers. The users know the English language, as the user interface will be provided in English. Hardware and system specifications might not compatible. System might not supported by the operating system. It is assumed that librarian and/or clerk might forget their password for logging in. Specific Requirements 1 External Interface Requirements Below is a list of enumerated requirements that provides additional specifications for the b ehaviour and functionality of the system. 1 User Interfaces Using this system is fairly simple and intuitive. A user, who has a familiarity with basic logging in navigation, should be able to understand all functionality provided by the system.As Figure 3 shows, the user with different privileges can now select his workstation, with corresponding shortcuts for options, so that the system may give the user an access to these and may let the not be able to use those of privilege he usually should not have. pic Figure 3 Main interface If the user selects the Open Librarian (Ctrl + L), system now then identify him as Librarian, a Server, and Figure 4 will display with a pop-up form that lets the Librarian to have a three (3) attempts of logging in. If the user failed to log in successfully, system then will automatically shuts down. pic Figure 4 Logging station for Librarian If the user selects the Open Clerk (Click + C), system now then identify him as Clerk and Figure 5 then will di splay asking for an IP address sin order to have a connection to Librarian Workstation, server. pic Figure 5 Clerk station for connection As the Clerk workstation has successfully connected to its server, then Figure 6 now will be displayed. permit the Clerk to log in, as same of Librarian, if the Clerk failed to log in successfully it will automatically shuts down. pic Figure 6 Clerk station 2 Hardware InterfacesSince the system will be installed in a Local Area Network (LAN) for collecting data from the users and also for updating the Library System and making reports, it is recommended by the developers, in order to have a maximum usage of the system, that the library should have the following at least one photographic camera for students easy logging in and scanning of books printer for making reports and computer unit(s) for the Clerk Workstation(s). The librarian then has to decide the number of units whether the librarys clerks would use. 3 Software InterfacesThe syste m will use only one external software, XAMPP v. 3. 0. 12, for the connection between the system and database. The system has a built in QR (Quick Response) Code Reader. 4 Communications Interfaces The system will be installed and run in a LAN of computer units. 2 Functional Requirements This section provides the detailed list of all product operation with their corresponding specific use eluding. 1 Librarian Use Cases 1 Use circumstance Log in plat legal brief Description The Librarian accesses the system, and can do various tasks. sign bit-by-bit DescriptionBefore this use geek can be initiated, the Librarian has already focalise up or prepared the units to be used. 1. The Librarian hits Ctrl + L, the option log in for a Librarian. 2. The system displays the pop-up login for the Librarian. 3. The Librarian selects the log in. 4. The system records the info into the database. 2 Use case Log out Diagram plan Description The Librarian is signing off the system. Initial Step-By- Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Librarian has already successfully logged in. 1. The Librarian clicks his name at the left top of the form. . The system displays the pop-up confirmation for log out. 3. The Librarian selects the OK button. 4. The system records the info into the database. 5. The Librarian has logged out. 3 Use case Search book Diagram Brief Description The Librarian gets the list of books and info. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Librarian has already successfully logged in. 1. The Librarian selects the form for books, borrowers, etc. then chose the book. 2. The system displays the list of books and shows the different categories. 3.The Librarian selects the category. 4. The system gets the selected category to dataset and at the same time records it. 5. The system displays the matched book(s). 6. 4 Use case Issue book Diagram Brief Description The Librarian is able to issue the book(s) to the bo rrower(s). Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Librarian confirm the borrower that he has a validated registration. 1. The system Librarian searches the books in the list. 2. The system displays the list of books and shows whether the book is listed and/or unattached. a.If the books copy is more than one (1) and is available, the Librarian sets the due date/time. b. If the book is not available due to some reason, the system will automatically alertings the Librarian that the requested book(s) is not available and thus will automatically gives the reason(s). 3. The system gets the due date/time to be recorded to the database. 4. The system will give a confirmation that the transaction is successful. 5 Use case Update database Diagram Brief Description The Librarian wanted to do some tasks the he/she needed the data be manipulated in the database.He or she also can update the database. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the system has support that the Librarian is logged in. 1. The system displays categorized options of the entire data. 2. The Librarian selects the category. 3. The system gives other options of that selected category. 4. The system gets the selected category to dataset and at the same time records it. 5. The system displays the matched selected category. 2 Clerk Use Cases 1 Use case Log in Diagram Brief Description The Clerk accesses the system, and can do various tasks.Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Clerk has already set up or prepared the units to be used. 1. The Librarian hits Ctrl + C, the option log in for a Clerk. 2. The system displays the pop-up login for the Clerk. 3. The Clerk selects the log in. 4. The system records the info into the database. 2 Use case Log out Diagram Brief Description The Clerk is signing off the system. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Clerk has a lready successfully logged in. 1. The Clerk clicks his name at the left top of the form. . The system displays the pop-up confirmation for log out. 3. The Clerk selects the OK button. 4. The system records the info into the database. 5. The Clerk has logged out. 3 Use case Search book Diagram Brief Description The Clerk gets the list of books and info. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Clerk has already successfully logged in. 1. The Clerk selects the form for books, borrowers, etc. then chose the book. 2. The system displays the list of books and shows the different categories. 3.The Clerk selects the category. 4. The system gets the selected category to dataset and at the same time records it. 5. The system displays the matched book(s). 4 Use case Issue book Diagram Brief Description The Clerk is able to issue the book(s) to the borrower(s). Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Clerk confirmed the bor rower that he has a validated registration. 1. The system Clerk searches the books in the list. 2. The system displays the list of books and shows whether the book is listed and/or available. . If the books copy is more than one (1) and is available, the Clerk sets the due date/time. b. If the book is not available due to some reason, the system will automatically alerts the Clerk that the requested book(s) is not available and thus will automatically gives the reason(s). 3. The system gets the due date/time to be recorded to the database. 4. The system will give a confirmation that the transaction is successful. 5 Use case Return book Diagram Brief Description The Clerk returns the book he/she has borrowed. Initial Step-By-Step DescriptionBefore this use case can be initiated, the Clerk, now as borrower, must return the book on time. 1. The Clerk himself may return the book he has borrowed. 2. The Clerk selects the Borrowed tab on the Borrowed form. 3. The system will display on th e grid the borrowed books including his book. 4. The Clerk may scan the book with QR Code, or he may manually put the accession number of the book. 5. The system them will check for its due date and time, evaluates the time consumed for penalty if the clerk wasnt able to return the book on time. 6. The system records info into the database.Note All Librarian assistants in the schools library are working students, so therefore they may somehow be a borrower. 6 Use case Add Diagram Brief Description The Clerk adds some info, it might be adding books or borrowers to the database. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Clerk has given permission from the Librarian and thus he has already data to be stored in the database. And he has successfully logged in to the Clerks form. 1. As he logged in, the clerk clicks the Add tab on the Clerks workstation. 2.The system displays an option on whether what the clerk wants to add or store. 3. The clerk chooses an option. 4. The system displays needed data to be filled out whether its either a new book or new borrower. 5. The system then evaluates the scuttlebutt before storing to the database. a. If the required data is completed, the system displays a message box as notification of a new data. b. If some required data is missing, otherwise, a message box will be displayed to notify that some important data are not properly filled out. 7 Use case Update database Diagram Brief DescriptionThe Clerk modifies some data that are stored in the database. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Clerk scanned some info, might in the book or borrower, and is incorrect. 1. The Clerk selects the Update tab on the Clerks workstation. 2. The system displays the pop-up options of the data to be updated to be edited. 3. The system displays the info that the Clerk wanted to update. 4. After the Clerk verified the correct records, the system then will display the update d data of a specified record. 3 Borrower Use Cases 1 Use case Log inDiagram Brief Description The Borrower, if student, logs in through the scanner by swapping their IDs with QR Code. Otherwise, if the scanner is not available he can manually input his student number. The faculty who wants to borrow has no record of logging in but they have to provide an envelope that the librarian refers to. Initial Step-By-Step Description Borrower enters the library. 1. The Borrower looks for the needed book(s) to borrow. He can ask the clerk to search the book(s) through the system. 2. The system displays the manageable results for the input info. Use case Borrow Diagram Brief Description The Borrowers, either a student or faculty, borrows their needed book. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before the Borrower can have the needed book(s), he successfully logged in inside the library. 1. The Clerk selects the tab for borrowing within the Clerks workstation. 2. The system displays the required d ata to be filled out for the borrowing. 3. After the Clerk or Librarian hits the OK button, the system will evaluates the borrower if he or she has due book(s) that not yet been returned. 4.The system displays the notification and due date and time of the borrowed book(s) upon the request of the Clerk for borrowing the book then records it to the database. 3 Use case Return Diagram Brief Description The Borrower returns the book he or she has borrowed. Initial Step-By-Step Description Before this use case can be initiated, the Clerk Borrower must log in inside the library. 1. The Borrower asks anyone among the Clerks for returning assistance. 2. The Clerk selects the Borrowed tab from the Borrowed form. 3. The system will display on the grid all the borrowed books including his book. 4.The Clerk may scan the book with QR code or he may manually input the accession number of the book. 5. The system them will check for its due date and time, evaluates the time consumed for penalty if the Borrower wasnt able to return the book on time. 6. The system records info into the database. Other Non-functional Requirements 1 Performance Requirements 1. Response time The Splash page should be able to be load within seconds using a Windows 7 32-bit Operating System and at least 1 GB memory (RAM). The information is refreshed every two minutes. The access time for the computer unit should be less than a minute.The system shall respond to the member in not less than two seconds from the time of the request submittal. The system shall be allowed to take more time when doing large processing jobs. 2. administrator/Librarian Response The system shall take as less time as possible to provide service to the administrator or the librarian. 3. Throughput The number of transactions is directly dependent on the number of users, the users may be the Librarian, employees of the Library and also the people who use the Library for checking-out books, returning books and checking li brary account. . Resource physical exercise The resources are modified according the user requirements and also according to the books requested by the users. 2 Safety and Security Requirements The server on which the Library System resides will have its own security to prevent unauthorized write/delete access. There is no restriction on read access. The use of email by an Author or Reviewer is on the client systems and thus is external to the system. The PC on which the Clerk resides will have its own security. exactly the Editor will have physical access to the machine and the program on it.There is no special protection built into this system other than to provide the editor with write access to the Library System to publish reports. 3 Software Quality Attributes 1 Functionality Logon Capabilities The system shall provide the users with logon capabilities. Alerts The system can alert the Librarian or the administrator with notifications regarding the status of the books and in case of any problem. 4 Usability The system shall allow the users to access the system from a stand-alone client or its derivative technologies for public inquiries of the students.The system uses another computer unit for the client interface. The system is user friendly. 5 Reliability The system has to be very reliable due to the importance of data and the damages incorrect or incomplete data can do. Availability The system is available 100% for the user. The system shall be operational 8 hours a day and 7 days a week. Accuracy The accuracy of the system is limited by the accuracy of the step on it at which the employees of the library and users of the library use the system. Access Reliability The system shall provide 100% access reliability. 10 SupportabilityThe system designers shall take in to considerations the following supportability and technical limitations. Information Security Requirement The system shall support the information security requirements. Maintenance Th e charge of the system shall be done as per the maintenance contract. Standards The coding standards and naming conventions will be as per the American standards. Appendix A Data Dictionary Borrower Any person who wishes to borrow books inside the school library. Clerk Any person who assists the librarian in minor tasks needed performed inside the library. Database A collection of all data produced by the system. Librarian A person who is assigned responsible in generally managing the school library. QR Code Quick Response code, a type of bar code/encrypted code that will be used for the project in identification purposes. Requirements Refers to the what the product has to do, not the how it is be done. SC Abbreviation of the name of the school where the system will be proposed, the Samar College SRS Software Requirements Specifications.A document that completely describes all of the functions of a proposed system and the constraints under which it must operate. For example, this document. Stakeholder Any person with an interest to the project but is not a developer. User Any person who operates or interacts directly with the product. VB Visual Basic, a building/programming software used in creating the system XAMPP An application used to have a connection between the product and its database. Appendix B Group Log Notes Taken during our first visiting with Jun, Arnel & Marlon on January 23, 2013. Interview the librarian interview the library employees understand the flow of data in the library understand the processes used in transactions in the library new design lan network create a floor plan including 3 units for 3 stations of the whole system 3 stations Admin station, Clerk Station, Log in Station provides photocopies of authentic documents from the library learn the penalty system of the library copy the list of books list the basic requirements Software Requirements Specification for Page 12 fix the QR scanner d ry run the system Should we try this for different operating system environment? We might need licenses, ask if necessary. given our budgets, this is the best we can do. Set up servers. Began looking through test cases go away work on SRS Jun Abanag Created QR code samples for ID Will work on SRS. Marlon Alegro. Will work on SRS. Jun Abanag. Will work on SRS. Scrum Meeting 2/8/2013 Marlon Alegro Downloaded licensed software. Worked on SRS. Will work on feedback to square off SRS. Nicholas Cross Worked on SRS. Will work on feedback to finalize SRS. Jun Abanag & Marlon Alegro Worked on SRS. Will wait on feedback from mentor to finalize SRS. Group activities Overnight sessions (starts at 10 in the evening up to 5 in the morning 7 hours) Most of us have part time jobs during day time and we have different schedules for Software Engineering so we used our time to work during evening and midnight because of the busy schedule during day time.We spend seven hours during midnight to work on our system and the SRS. ? Alegro Residence one a week ? Abagua Residence one a week 11/15/2012 11/18/2012 11/19/2012 11/23/2012 12/4/2012 12/12/2012 12/15/2012 Group meetings Since we have different schedules for Software Engineering, we try to meet up during free hours. And most of the times we are not complete because of the busy schedule. So what we do is two of our group mates meet up at certain time and the other one would discuss it to the other member when they meet.So in that way we can exchange ideas even though we dont meet properly. Afterwards, the other few members will also catch up with updates from the recent group discussion. ? Samar College, twice a week. Every Monday, Wednesday and Friday ? Alegro Residence one a week ? Abagua Residence one a week 11/15/2012 11/18/2012 11/19/2012 11/23/2012 12/4/2012 12/12/2012 12/15/2012 Index A Log out (use case), A Flex ALMS, 5, 7, 8 Clerk, 19 Add book (use case), 22 Librarian, 16 Assumptions and Dependencies, 9 O B Operating environment, 9 book, (use case) Overall Description, 7 Borrow, 24 Overview, Product, 6 Issue, 21, 1 7 Search, 16, 20 P Return, 21, 25 Performance Requirements, 27 Borrower, 5, 7,8 Product Functionality, 8 C Perspective, 7 Clerk, 5, 8 use cases, 19 Q station, 14 QR (Quick Response), 5, 13 Context Diagram, 7 Communication Interface, 15 R References, 6 D Reliability, 28 Delete (use case), 7 Requirements Document purpose, 5 External Interface, 11 Functional, 15 E Other Non-Requirements,27 External interface, 11 Performance, 27 Safety and Security, 27 F Specific, 11 Functional Requirements, 15 Return book (use case), 21, 25 Functionality, 8, 28 S I Safety and Security Requirements, 27 Interfaces SC, 6 Communication, 15 Search book (use case), Hardware, 14 Clerk, 20 Software, 14 Librarian, 16 User, 14 Software Interface, 14 Issue, 17, 21 Software Quality Attributes, 28 Speci fic Requirement, 11 L SRS, 6 Log in (use case) Stakeholders, 6 Borrower, 24 Supportability, 28 Clerk, 19 Librarian, 15 U Use cases Borrower, 24, 25 Clerk, 19, 20, 21,22, 23 Librarian, 15, 16, 17, 18 User, 5, 6, 8 characteristic, 8 documents, 10 interfaces, 9 X XAMPP, 6, 9, 14 Borrow books Librarian Clerk Search User System Database Librarian Update database Log in Article Borrower Issue book DATABASE Issue books Add Article Report Delete Article Update Librarian include include include include include Librarian Search book Log out Return books Log out Librarian Log in Librarian Log in

How has China been affected by globalization Essay

In the late 1970s china made perhaps its most significant strategic political head up of the 20th Century when it embarked on a series of economic reforms that embraced globalization (Bijian, 2005). Deng Xiaoping and other Chinese leading believed that to further mainland mainland chinawares development, participation in an open global economy would be important to its survival (Chow, 2002) During the three decades since these reforms chinawares political and economic institutions obtain undergone a dramatic variation (oerholt, 2005 and Economy, 1998). China has shifted from the realnesss greatest opponent of globalization into a committed member of a global economy and advocate of globalization (Overholt, 2005).The pinnacle of this transformation and Chinas economic exploitation was its admission into to the gentleman alternate Organisation (WTO) on 11 December, 2001 (Allen et al, 2006 and Fishman, 2005). Consequently, China is now subjected to inter matter trends and fo rces to a degree unprecedented since 1949 (Bijian, 2005 and Chow, 2004). In this essay I will analyse the effect that globalization has had on Chinas political, economic, legal and technological institutions. Furtherto a greater extent, I will also analyse whether China has been obligate to change to pander to the international economic community or whether it has voluntarily instituted change for its own pull in and development.However before analysing the effect that globalization has had on China it is important to understand what the term globalization means. Globalisation became a buzz word in the 1990s because of its influence in creating a sphere in which geographic location became increasingly irrelevant (Immerfall 2006). In essence globalisation refers to the un certified liquefy of goods, capital, information, technology and people across national borders (Chow, 2005a).Globalisation is, however, by no means a untested phenomenon and China has been subjected to its e ffects for some(prenominal) a(prenominal) centuries (Alford, 1999). In item, the effects of globalisation in China go as far back as the Han dynasty (206BC-220AD) when trade took place surrounded by the Han Chinese and neighbouring people in the northwestward through the Silk Route (Chow, 2004 3). Despite this, in the Qing Dynasty and the early stages of the Chinese Communist Partys rule, right(a) up until Deng Xiaopings open door policy, China triedto close its doors and restrict the influence of globalisation (Street, 2000 and Chow 2004 and 2005a).This was not the first time that China was forced to confront and implement a national strategy to either embrace or combat the effects of globalisation. In fact, as recently as the 1990s, China was confronted by this closed book, namely whether to continue its global economic expansion in the face of the Asiatic financial crisis or to once again close it doors and retreat inwards to protect itself from the economic radioactive dust of a struggling region (Fishman, 2005 and Nolan, 2001). However, by carefully weighing the advantages and disadvantages of economic openness the Chinese presidential term decided to open up the Chinese economy even more, and eventually joined the World flip Organization by implementing large economic reforms (Bijian, 2005).There is no doubting that these economic reforms and Chinas embracement of globalisation has brought stunning matters. Since starting to open up and reform its economy in 1978, China has averaged 9.4 portion annual GDP gain, one of the highest growth rates in the knowledge domain (Bijian, 2005 3). One of the reasons for the huge leaps in growth has come from direct foreign coronation that has been facilitated by Chinas admission to the WTO.For example, in the space of a few days in 2004, a North Korean Steel society launched a $500 million steel project in the Dalian development zone Frances St Gobain invested $70 million in one of its existing glass production lines in China Germanys entropy opened its fortieth office in China for development of software and Finlands Stora Enso invested $1.6 billion in a paper pulp project in Guandong Province (Hall et al, 2004). Such results bewilder seen China occasion the third largest trading country in the world and the envy of many developing economies around the world (Chow, 2005b).While such economic statistics are regularly celebrated by the Chinese government as a triumph of Chinas inclusion into the WTO, many in China are in fact lamenting the negative effects of globalisation and the scrutiny that WTO membership has brought. In fact WTO membership came at a very high price for the interior(prenominal) Chinese economy (Overholt, 2005). Throughout the 80sand 90s China initiated structural changes such as the phasing out of direct subsidies for exports and began cutting tariffs in preparation for inclusion into the WTO (Pearson, 2001). Over the three years from 1994 to 1997, the countrys average tariff rate was lowered from about 43 to 17 per cent and at the time of Chinas adit into the WTO in late 2001, the boilers suit average was just 15 per cent. Such drastic economic changes were at the behest of the WTO and the result being that a lot of factories and domestic industries have gone bankrupt because many people prefer foreign products which have become cheaper as a result of Chinas inclusion into WTO (Solinger, 2005).Furthermore, Moore (2002) also argues that Chinas accession into the World Trade Organization could be viewed as more beneficial to the rest of the world rather than China itself. WTO commitments made by China do not in any commission protect Chinas domestic producers and therefore the argument that that the greatest benefit of Chinas WTO membership is enjoyed by foreign companies is indeed a valid one (Moore, 2002 311). Yang (2004 307) argues that admission into the WTO was in fact too big of a restructure step for China and continues b y noting that Chinese involvement in the WTO is great for foreign companies and bad for local ones because one of the first laws enacted to ensure WTO membership was designed to string and protect investment from overseas.It is derive that this lack of protectionism, although beneficial to the outside world, has been disrupted the income to domestic businesses. Of specific note is the fact that with Chinas WTO membership foreign investors have been allowed access to markets that were previously restricted or highly regulated (Samuelson, 2004 and Pearson, 2001). These incursions have been most sheer in the insurance, tele communication theory, and financial industries (Prasad, 2004). Such controversy is however of great benefit to the domestic Chinese consumer. In fact, fifteen years ago China barely had any mobile telecommunication services, whereas now it claims more than 300 million mobile border subscribers, more than any other nation (Bijian, 2005). Whether this is a resul t of modernisation or globalisation is highly debatable, but it is clear that Chinese consumers are embracing the increase in products and services provided by many foreign companies.Other than the local businesses being hurt by foreign investments and industries, the labour market in China is also suffering from major unemployment as a result of the forces of globalisation (Chow, 2004). While entry into the WTO has in itself not created joblessness, it has however heightened a number of trends that were already underway, including accelerating the rate of insolvency of state owned enterprises. The result being the discharge of tens of millions of workers who, when they were younger, were once assured of employment by the socialist state (Economy, 1998 and Chow 2004 and 2005b). harmonise to Prasad (2004 6) the unemployment problem is in fact likely to worsen over the next few years payable to restructuring in the rural and state enterprise sectors, the very type of restructuring t hat has been mandated upon China by the World Trade Organisation.Another cause of the unemployment problem currently facing the Chinese economy is its shift away from old industries such as manufacturing, mining and construction to newer industries that demand workers with specialised skills (Prasad, 2004 Solinger 2005 and Yang 2004). Similar changes are evident in Chinas effort to upgrade its technology industry, which has not exactly involved the replacement of lots unskilled labour but in many cases also reduces the need to employ as many skilled blue-collar workers (Nolan, 2001 and Economy, 1998). While this can not be directly liked to WTO membership it is clear that the forces of globalisation are having a major impact on the Chinese economy, the products it produces and its labour force.The amazing growth in Chinas economy as a result of its increased participation and integration in a global economy is also having social and political consequences. Most notable a growing d ivide between Chinas rich and poor. Obviously China would not have self imposed such drastic economic changes purely to encourage direct foreign investment to the detriment of domestic businesses, but it is clear the benefits of the global marketplace are not being shared out around Chinas 1.3 billion people (Solinger, 2005 and Chow, 2004). It is very much the case in China that the rich are gettingricher and the poor are just getting left behind.This is also evident in the growing regional inequalities in China. Despite the governments attempts to rectify the situation, foreign investment has continued to play to those provinces where education levels are the highest, infrastructure most well developed and political power most pure (Overholt, 2005 and Economy, 1998). Moreover, while the wealthier provinces in theory pay taxes to the centre to compensate the poorer provinces, in practice this system has failed allowing degeneration to flourish, resulting in power becoming de- su bstitutionised from Beijing to local authorities. Not surprisingly such inequality has contributed to sombre political tension between the haves and have nots (Bijian 2005 and Economy 1998).Overholt (2005 7) however argues that despite the growing divide between the rich and poor, the Chinese overwhelmingly support further globalisation. Overholt (2005 7) asserts that no large country in human history has ever experienced such quick improvements in living standards and working conditions as China has in its acceptance of adjustments to accommodate the forces of globalisation. So while the economic dividends of Chinas rapid growth are not being shared equally around the country, the majority are heretofore better off.One of the reasons for such widespread approval of the modernisation of the economy has been the upgrading of technology, especially telecommunications which has been an essential manifestation of the Chinese governments plans for continued economic growth (Chow, 20 04 and 2005a and Econommy, 1998). Normally if there is general blessedness among the population then this would provide little in the way of difficulties for those in power. Fred Tipson (1998 12) however, notes a difficult conundrum for the Chinese government in their embracement of economic globalisation. The Chinese leadership has repeatedly empha coatd the central mathematical function of telecommunications and information technologies in building its modern economy..on the one hand, actively promoting a modern communications infrastructure, while on the other hand, repeatedly trying to control the content and uses of the information that pulses through it.Tipson (1998) concludes that thecommunications revolution will diminish the need or inclination of most Chinese to defer to central authority or accept routinely the governments characterization of reality.The Chinese government is more than aware of the threat to its power that the technological revolution and global scrutin y presents. Given the current uprisings and dissatisfy in Tibet the government has blocked access to many websites to control the flow of information to not only its own people, but the international community (Maunder, 2008). So while the forces of globalisation may have brought prosperity to China, the Chinese government also has to work overtime to maintain its grip on power.When evaluating the impact that globalisation has had on China it is important not to lose sight of the big picture. Economic growth exclusively does not provide a full picture of a countrys development and despite Chinas population of 1.3 billion, its Chinas economy is still just one-seventh the size of the United States (Bijian, 2005). However, the open-door policy that was first advanced by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s has been of great success in modernising China. It is true that such rapid growth has presented China with some problems, including the demise of some domestic industries, unemployment and minor political instability, however given its current path it appears that Chinas rise to mogul status is inevitable.BIBLIOGRAPHYAlford, William (1999) Does the rule of law really rule? paper presented before the Conference on constitution Reform in China, Center for Research in Economic Development and Policy Research, Standford University, November 18-20, 1999 (Online) Available from http//www.cdy.sagepub.com/cgi/ reproduce/11/3/287.pdf Accessed 10th March 2008Allen, Franklin. Jun Qian and Meijun Qian (2006), Chinas Financial Reform Past, Present and forthcoming in Loren Brandt and Thomas Rawski, ed. Chinas Economic Transition Origins, Mechanism, and Consequences. 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